(The signs encourage Japan to ganbaru, meaning to persevere. Hard to argue with that. Photograph by Koji Toyama, published by Aki Yamazaki who is a photographer working in Japan and the U.S.)
While baffling to some, the Japanese have a very distinct culture which includes everything from their belief system to the way they communicate. During the recent crisis, it may be difficult for western culture to understand how some communication has been handled. As a side note, some may have also marveled at the lack of loitering and chaos, typically seen during a crisis.
Traditional Japanese culture dictates a collective society versus an individualistic one. The idea is to live in harmony and it translates into everything they do, including living through a crisis. Harmony means "oneness" and for the Japanese, it also includes how they communicate. For them, communication is not always about words but understanding each others thoughts.
In fact a Japanese Business Glossary [edited by Mitsubishi Corporation in 1983] states, "The communication of thought without the medium of words, or 'what the mind thinks, the heart transmits.'"
Much of the calm that has been observed in Japan can logically be derived from the norms of their society-the harmonious beliefs they have held for thousands of years. Yet, according to several western news articles, blog posts and status updates, there also seemed to be an underlying unrest.
It would seem, a lack of communication on some levels, particularly from their government, during this Tsunami and nuclear crisis was fueling such unease. Sometimes candor is what is needed in a crisis--but this goes against the Japanese way.
As Public Relations professionals we are very familiar with the idea of crisis management and how it works. Although Japan was proactive in their prevention methods (i.e. top engineers building structurally sound facilities), not all crisis can have a specific plan. If I had to give it a number I'd say nothing is ever 100% fail proof so there should always be an understanding that a certain amount of failure is inevitable.
Furthermore, what usually escalates problems is a lack of verifiable information. Yet, interestingly in Japanese culture, decision making (like the decision to communicate) may often be delayed. This is usually because they consider how that decision will affect the whole of something before moving forward.
For this reason, their methods of communication will not be as available or readily presented as it would be in western society. However, according to David S. Abraham a Hitachi International Affairs Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations based in Tokyo said, "In emergency cases, a timely decision based on some information, is better than a delayed decision with complete information."
As mentioned earlier, a (possible) mistake of the Japanese in communicating during a crisis, as seen from a PR person's point of view, was lack of candor. To the dismay of many traditional Japanese, because of our modern world and the onset of newer generations who are more familiar with western ideas, its' culture is changing. Would this cultural change be a good thing for its people?
It could prove a stronger unity than ever before imagined.
How about organizations? Does an organizations culture affect the way it communicates? If so, how does a PR person help shape, mold or change that culture? How does open communication serve to keep organizations unified?
Tell of your experience with the 3--C's (Communication, Crisis and Culture) How would you encourage other professionals who are in situations where the organization's leadership feels that less is more .... |